Medicines for Acid Reflux

Your healthcare provider has told you that you have acid reflux. The esophagus is a tube that carries food from the mouth to the stomach. A valve at the lower end of the esophagus prevents stomach acid from flowing upward. When this valve does not work properly, stomach content may repeatedly flow back up (reflux) into the esophagus.

For most people, acid reflux is troubling but not dangerous. However, left untreated, acid reflux could sometimes damage the esophagus. In rare cases, the damage to the esophagus can also increase your risk of cancer of the esophagus. Medicines can help control acid reflux and limit your risk of future problems.

Medicines for acid reflux

Your healthcare provider may prescribe medicine to help treat your acid reflux. Medicine will be based on your symptoms and any test results. Your provider will explain how to take your medicine. You will also be told about possible side effects.

Neutralizing stomach acid

Your provider may suggest antacids that you can buy over the counter. Antacids can give fast relief by neutralizing stomach acids within seconds to minutes. Some examples of antacids are Tums, Rolaids, and Mylanta.

Blocking stomach acid

You may be told to take a type of medicine called H2 blockers. H2 blockers reduce the amount of acid your stomach makes. These are available over the counter and by prescription (for higher doses). H2 blockers typically work within an hour and last up to 12 hours. These medications can be prescribed for long term use.

In more severe cases, your healthcare provider may suggest stronger medicines such as proton pump inhibitors (PPIs). PPIs stop the stomach from making acid.  PPIs are stronger than H2 blockers but take longer to start working, typically hours to a day. However PPIs’ effects may last longer (1-3 days). This type of medication is the strongest acid blockers available and is often prescribed for long term use.

Other medicines

In some cases medicines to reduce or block stomach acid may not work. If this happens, you may be switched to another type of medicine that will help your stomach empty better.