Preventing Pneumonia

Pneumonia is an infection in one or both of the lungs. Those most at risk include older adults, smokers, and people with chronic lung diseases such as chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD); including emphysema or chronic bronchitis, asthma.  Those with weak immune systems are also at higher risk. Whether or not you are considered high risk, there are some things you can do to lessen the chance that you will get pneumonia.

Avoid infection

• Wash your hands often:
• Use soap and warm water.
• If soap and water are not available, use a hand cleaner with alcohol in it.
• Avoid touching your face and mouth with your hands.
• Use disposable tissues instead of a handkerchief. Throw used tissues away.
• Avoid people who have a cold or the flu.
• Try to avoid crowded places.

Get vaccinated

Talk with your healthcare provider about vaccinations and whether you should get a yearly flu shot. There are now two different pneumonia vaccines. Both of these are needed if you have a chronic disease or fit into the higher risk category.  

• Get a flu shot every year as soon as it is available in your area. The flu shot helps prevent you from getting the flu and complications of the flu, such as pneumonia.
• Get pneumococcal pneumonia vaccines. Talk with your healthcare provider about which pneumococcal vaccines are right for you.

Do suggested breathing exercises

Deep breathing and coughing exercises can help clear your lungs. Your healthcare provider may suggest them and show you how to do them. Do them as often as your healthcare provider instructs.

Take care of your body

• Drink at least 6 to 8 glasses of water a day.
• Eat well-balanced, healthy meals.
• Avoid drinking alcohol.
• Do not smoke. Avoid places where people are smoking.
• Moving around helps keep your lungs clear. Ask your healthcare provider what type of activity is best for you. Walking is often a good choice.
• Get enough rest. Sleep at least 8 hours each night and rest or nap during the day as needed.
• Ask your healthcare provider when you should schedule follow-up care to make sure the infection is gone.